Clinical Evaluation of Abnormal Urination in Small Animals
Abnormal urination, encompassing changes in frequency, volume, control, or character, serves as a primary clinical indicator of various systemic and urogenital diseases. This article outlines the diagnostic framework for investigating lower and upper urinary tract dysfunction in dogs and cats.
References
- [1]Bartges, J.W. and Polzin, D.J.. Nephrology and Urology of Small Animals (2011)
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